UbiWhite-Plus: Non-Invasive White Blood Cell Subtypes Monitoring Using Microscopic Images

Abstract

Granulocytes—comprising neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils—are critical components of the immune system, playing key roles in inflammation and infection response. Accurate detection of granulocyte subtypes is critical for diagnosing and monitoring various medical conditions. Traditional granulocyte analysis relies on invasive blood draws and laboratory-based cytometry. To overcome these limitations, we propose UbiWhite-Plus, a smartphone-based, non-invasive granulocyte detection framework leveraging optical absorption, scattering properties, and deep learning-based image analysis. By utilizing smartphone video processing with advanced methods, we aim to achieve real-time granulocyte differentiation from microcirculatory imaging of the fingertip. We envision UbiWhite-Plus to facilitate proactive clinical intervention, improving patient outcomes in emergency care and resource-limited environments. This method combines bioimpedance spectroscopy and optical imaging to infer immune cell activity through fingertip measurements. This tool demonstrates the feasibility of real-time, point-of-care physiological monitoring without an invasive approach. By bridging hematological screening through accessible AI-driven technologies, this work lays the foundation for next-generation mHealth-based non-invasive diagnostic tools.